Gut Microbes: Nature’s Hidden Chemists with the Potential to Synthesize Therapeutics

Abstract

The human gut microbiome, once considered a passive collection of commensal organisms, is now recognized as a dynamic biochemical factory. Among its many functions, one of the most remarkable is its capacity to synthesize complex bioactive compounds, including metabolites with pharmacological activity. This article reviews recent discoveries highlighting the drug-like molecules produced by gut microbes, explores the implications for drug discovery and personalized medicine, and proposes a framework for leveraging microbial biosynthesis as a novel therapeutic frontier.